Authors: L. Foo, A. Surànyi, A. Guljas, M. Szőri, J. J. Villar, B. Viskolcz, I. G. Csizmadia, A. Rágyanszki, B. Fiser Acetamide (C2H5NO) is the largest molecule containing a peptide bond, which is an amine (-NH2) group bonded to a carbonyl (C = O) group, that has yet been detected in interstellar medium (ISM). It is also considered to be…
Authors: R. A. Sanchez, J. P. Ferris, L. E. Orgel Cyanoacetylene is a major nitrogen-containing product of the action of an electric discharge on a mixture of methane and nitrogen. It reacts with simple inorganic substances in aqueous solution to give products including aspartic acid, asparagine, and cytosine. 10.1126/science.154.3750.784
Authors: L. M. Lara The vertical distribution of Titan’s neutral atmosphere compounds is calculated from a new photochemical model extending from 40 to 1432 km. This model makes use of many updated reaction rates, and of the new scheme for methane photolysis proposed by Mordauntet al. [1993].The model also includes a realistic treatment of the dissociation of N2, of the…
Authors: Z. D. Draganić , A. Negrón-Mendoza, K. Sehested, S.I. Vujošević, R. Navarro-Gonzáles, M. G. Albarrán-Sanchez, I. G. Draganić Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of 0.05 mol dm^(-3) ammonium and sodium bicarbonate were studied after receiving various doses of 60Co gammas (0.01-400kGy) or 0.5-20Gy pulses of 10Mev electrons. Formate and oxalate were found to be the main radiolytic products, in addition to…
Authors: Lj. Josimović , I. Draganić The radiation chemical yields of stable products were measured in deaerated and oxygenated solutions at low absorbed doses(~<10 krad), different pH values(1-3 and 7.8) and various acetic acid concentrations(0’1-17mol dm-a). For a dilute solution(0″1mol dm-a) the results obtained support a simple reactions cheme.At larger acetic acid concentrations yields of stable products change proportionally to…
The photochemistries of methane and HCN are discussed in the context of the primitive terrestrial atmosphere,using a detailed numerical model. In the absenceof abundant O2, absorption of solar EUV (λ < 1023Å) by N2 provides a large thermosphersic source of atomic nitrogen. Methane is oxidized cleanly and efficiently,provided CO2 is more abundant than CH,•. Otherwise,a large fraction of the methane…
The role of ionizing radiation as one of energy sources for chemical evolution processes is examined. The discovery of fossil nuclear reactors in old uranium deposits of Oklo (Africa) suggest that natural nuclear reactors could have have been the sources of abundant, localized, radiation in the past of our planet. A brief survey of radiation chemistry of aqueous solutions of…
The Radiolysis of Aqueous Ammonium Cyanide:Compounds of Interest to Chemical Evolution Studies Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of NH4CN (0.1 M, pH 9) were exposed to gamma rays from a 60Co source, the mixture of nonvolatile products was fractionated, and the fractions were analyzed. The procedures were chosen to make effective investigations of radiolytic products, and to minimize the contributions of chemical…
Oxygen-free aqueous solutions of 0.05 mol dm-3 ammonium and sodium bicarbonate were studied after receiving various doses of 60Co gammas (0.01–400 kGy) or 0.5–20 Gy pulses of 10 Mev electrons. Formate and oxalate were found to be the main radiolytic products, in addition to trace amounts of formaldehyde and an unidentified polymer. A large initial yield of formate in the γ-radiolysis, G(HCOO–)=2.2, is…
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